๐ฏ๐ต ๆฅๆฌ่ช็ใฏ่จไบใฎไธ้จใซใใใพใ / Japanese version available below
Most sake labels feature calligraphy, mountain scenery, or abstract brushwork. So when I first came across a bottle with a womanโs manga on the front, I was a little surprised. She is Rumiko Moriki, a master brewer at Moriki Shuzo. The illustration was drawn by manga artist Oze Akira, whose work had changed the course of her life decades earlier.
Last summer, visiting Japan from the Netherlands. The brewery was quiet and small. Nothing about the exterior hints at the story inside. It had the feel of a grandparentโs house โ familiar, unhurried.
A Brewery Committed to One Thing
Moriki Shuzo is a fifth-generation family brewery in Iga City, Mie Prefecture, located roughly midway between Osaka and Nagoya (Aichi Prefecture) on Japanโs main island. This is a landlocked basin known internationally as the birthplace of ninja. Annual production in this brewery is around 300 koku (one koku equals 180 litres, so roughly 45,000 kilograms of rice). Very small, and small enough that every step of the process can be done by hand.
The brewery was founded in the 1890s by Moriki Keiichiro, who asked a local Buddhist priest to divine a water source on the site. A well was dug, and the brewery was built around it. The founding label, Tae no Hana (meaning โwondrous flowerโ), takes its name from the Lotus Sutra and is still used as sacramental sake at a local shrine today.
The current lineup has four labels: Tae no Hana, Rumiko no Sake, Hanabusa โ made with organic Yamadanishiki (the most prized variety of sake rice, grown predominantly in Hyogo Prefecture) โ and RIE STYLE, named after current toji (master brewer) Rie Toyomoto.
Every bottle is junmaishu, brewed from rice, koji, and water alone, without any added distilled alcohol. The brewery completed its transition to an all-junmai production in 1998.
The flavour direction is consistent: depth over brightness, palate over aroma, texture over fragrance. The sake opens up with food, and improves when warmed. โJunmaishu is what we, as brewers, want to drink ourselvesโ.
The choices made to achieve that sake follow from there.
All koji (the mould-cultivated rice that converts starch to sugar and drives fermentation) is made using the tray method (futakoji-ho), handling small quantities carefully rather than in bulk โ the quality of the koji, in their view, demands it. Rice is steamed in an old-fashioned iron cauldron over a fuel-oil burner, a method that gives precise control over steam quality and produces rice that is dry and firm on the outside, soft within.
Since 2016, Moriki Shuzo has been relying entirely on the ambient yeast living in the brewery for their kimoto and yamahai brews โ traditional methods of developing the fermentation base using naturally occurring lactic acid bacteria, rather than adding cultured lactic acid. This roughly doubles the time required, but produces a complexity and depth that commercial yeast cannot replicate, they say.
The Midnight Manga and the Seven-Page Letter
Step inside the brewery and manga illustrations appear everywhere. Ask about them, and you are told a story.
Rumiko Moriki was born in 1960, the eldest daughter of the brewery. After university in Osaka, she took a job at a pharmaceutical company. Then her father had a stroke. She left her job, married her fiancรฉ Hideki Moriki, and the two of them joined the brewery together in 1988.
Almost immediately, a larger crisis arrived. The breweryโs main income came from supplying sake by the tank to a large producer, who would bottle and sell it under their own brand. In 1990, that buyer pulled out. The choice, as described by the brewery, was binary: close, or pivot to premium junmaishu and build a market from scratch.
It was during this period that a friend recommended a manga series called Natsuko no Sake. Written by Oze Akira and serialised from 1988, it was later adapted for national television โ a story that resonated across Japan. The parallels with Rumikoโs own situation were apparently too many to count, and she read the entire series in a single night. By the time she finished, she sat down and wrote Oze a seven-page letter. He replied and promised to draw her label when she made the switch to junmaishu, and introduced her to a brewery that was already doing it.
In 1992, Moriki Shuzo brewed two tanks of junmaishu. Both sold out. Oze named the sake Rumiko no Sake and drew the label himself. Knowing this before you open the bottle makes the sake look a little different.
Women and the Brewery
When Rumiko joined Moriki Shuzo in 1988, there was almost no precedent for a woman on the brewing floor. The first female toji in modern Japan had taken up the role at Hakubotan Shuzo in Hiroshima in 1985 โ just three years earlier.
Sake was originally a womenโs craft: the word toji may derive from an older term, meaning lady or mistress of the household. Shrine maidens brewed sake as an offering to the gods over two thousand years ago.
The shift happened around the 17thโ19th century. Sake production scaled up commercially and brewers began living together inside the brewery through the winter months.
The combination of heavy physical work and communal dormitory life became a structural barrier โ something Hideki Moriki spoke about directly during my visit.
After stabilising the brewery, Rumiko founded the Women in Breweries Summit โ an organisation for women working in sake breweries across Japan. The first gathering was held in June 2014, bringing together women from twenty-two breweries. It now meets twice a year, combining visits to each otherโs workplaces with technical exchange.
As of December 2024, an Associated Press report put the number of women registered as toji with Japanโs Toji Guild Association at thirty-three, out of more than a thousand active breweries. The number is slowly growing.
At Moriki Shuzo today, three women are involved in the brewing: Rumiko, toji Rie Toyomoto, and brewery worker Nozomi Moriki, Rumikoโs daughter. The next generation is brewing in the space that Rumiko helped open up.
Growing the Rice
During the visit, Hideki drove me out of the brewery to their rice field โ the breweryโs own plot, where they grow Yamadanishiki. It accounts for around five percent of the rice they use in a year. Small, but grown with a specific intention: they want the people who drink the sake to taste what rice actually tastes like.
Sake breweries growing their own rice is, historically, rare. In the premium wine world, growers cultivating their own grapes is standard practice โ known as the domaine model. In sake, it has long been standard practice to source rice from farmers or agricultural cooperatives โ rice is easy to dry and transport, so there was little pressure to keep it close.
In recent years, some breweries have begun farming their own rice, but they remain a small minority nationally.
No pesticides, no herbicides. The only fertiliser is sake lees (the pressed solids left after sake is filtered) from the previous yearโs pressing, spread across the fields every November. Farming without herbicides is genuinely difficult. Unlike grapes, which grow on the same vines year after year, rice is replanted annually โ which means the fight against weeds starts from scratch every season. There are years when weeds win outright in parts of the field, and a section produces nothing.
But without any inputs, the rice drives its roots deep and grows on its own terms. โItโs not just for marketing,โ Rumiko has said. โRice grown without pesticides is simply stronger.โ
The Yamadanishiki from this field, together with rice grown by local contract farmers under the same approach, is the basis for Hanabusa โ the breweryโs label that most directly expresses this philosophy of growing and brewing as a single practice.
In the Glass
Two sakes from the visit stood out.
Rumiko no Sake No.9 Yeast Super Dry Tokubetsu Junmai (tokubetsu junmai: a premium class of pure rice sake)
Rice: Hattan Nishiki 75% (a sake rice variety from Hiroshima), Yamadanishiki 25% | Seimaibuai (rice polishing ratio): 60% | Yeast: Kyokai No.9 | ABV: 15% | SMV: +15 (Sake Meter Value; positive numbers indicate dryness) | Acidity: 1.5
Super dry, with clean finish, restrained aromas and gentle umami in balanced palate. Versatile for any kinds of dishes.
Hanabusa Tokubetsu Junmai Kimoto Hiire (hiire: pasteurised)
Rice: Yamadanishiki 100% (Mie Prefecture) | Seimaibuai (rice polishing ratio): 60% | Yeast: Kuratsuki (indigenous yeast native to the brewery) | Method: Kimoto | ABV: 15% | SMV: +7.5 | Acidity: 1.6
A gentle lactic presence from the kimoto fermentation. On the nose, banana, milk, and a faint honey note. The palate is dry with good umami, full-bodied with a slight viscosity, and the finish is long and clean. Warm it slightly and it rounds out further, becoming even more at ease alongside food. The kimoto starter takes around forty days to develop; fermentation runs for a further thirty โ roughly double the time of conventional methods. The extra patience is audible in the glass.
An Unhurried Approach
Moriki Shuzoโs sake is not flashy. There is no pronounced aroma, no obvious sweetness, no complexity that announces itself immediately. What is there is balance, and an easy relationship with food. The umami holds its own without overriding what is on the plate.
I brought bottles back to the Netherlands and tried them with sole meuniรจre and pasta as well as Japanese food. The harmony was there in each case. The kind of sake you want to keep in the refrigerator as a matter of course.
Getting here took a long time. This is a small brewery, working with labour-intensive methods, taking more time than the alternatives. The sake is not made for competition awards โ it is made for the table. Knowing the background makes it taste a little different.
My thanks to Rumiko, Hideki, and Rie at Moriki Shuzo for welcoming me to the brewery, and to Dick at Yoigokochi, the Dutch importer, for making the visit possible.
Moriki Shuzo
Senzai 41-2, Iga City, Mie Prefecture 518-0002
Official website: https://morikishuzo.co.jp/en/index.html
Visited: August 2024. References: SAKETIMES (2021); Associated Press (December 2024).
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้ ่ตใคใณใฟใใฅใผ#14 : ๆฃฎๅ้ ้ ๅ ด๏ผๅๅใ่่ฒ ใ้
ๆทฑๅคใฎใใณใฌใ7ๆใฎๆ็ดใใใใฆไธๆฌใฎใฉใใซใ็ใพใใใพใง
ๆฅๆฌ้ ใฎใฉใใซใฏใ็ญๆๅญใๅฑฑๆฐด็ปใๅคใใใใใซไธไบบใฎๅฅณๆงใฎ้กใๆใใใ็ถใๅใใฆ่ฆใใจใใๅฐใ้ฉใใใ็ฅๆงใงใๆญดๅฒไธใฎไบบ็ฉใงใใชใใไธ้็ไผ่ณๅธใฎ้ ่ตใๆฃฎๅ้ ้ ๅ ดใฎๆๆฐใปๆฃฎๅใใฟๅญใใใ ใใฉใใซใๆใใใใฎใฏๆผซ็ปๅฎถใปๅฐพ็ฌใใใๆฐใๅฝผใฎไฝๅใใไฝๅๅนดใๅใซใใฟๅญใใใฎไบบ็ใๅคใใใ
ๆจๅคใใชใฉใณใใใไธๆๅธฐๅฝใใๆใซใไผ่ณๅธใ่จชใใใ่ตใฏ้ใใงๅฐใถใใ ใฃใใๅค่ฆณใซใฏใไธญใซๅฎฟใ็ฉ่ชใไบๆใใใใใฎใฏใชใใ็ฅ็ถๆฏใฎๅฎถใใใจใฅใใๆใฎใใใชใใฉใใๆใใใไฝใพใใ ใ่ฉฑใ่ใใฆใใใใกใซใใใฎ้ใใใฎๅฅฅใซใใใชใ้ทใๆ้ใ็ฉใฟ้ใชใฃใฆใใใใจใใใใฃใฆใใใ
็ด็ฑณ้ ใ ใใ้ ใ่ต
ๆฃฎๅ้ ้ ๅ ดใฏไธ้็ไผ่ณๅธใซ่ตใๆงใใใไบไปฃ็ถใๅฎถๆ็ตๅถใฎ้ ่ตใ ใๅฟ่ ใฎ้ใจใใฆ็ฅใใใใใฎๅๅฐใฎๅ ้ธ็ๅฐใซไฝ็ฝฎใใๅนด้็็ฃ้ใฏ็ด300็ณ๏ผ็ด45,000kg๏ผใๅคงๆใๆฐๅไธ็ณใ่ชใไธ็ใงใฏใใใใฏๅพนๅบใใฆๅฐใใช่ฆๆจกใ ใใ ใใใใใๅทฅ็จใฎใในใฆใๆใงๅฎ็ตใงใใใ
่ตใฎๅตๆฅญใฏ1890ๅนดไปฃใๅไปฃใปๆฃฎๅๅไธ้ใฎๆไปฃใซ้กใใๅฐๅ ใฎไฝ่ทใซๆฐด่ใๅ ใฃใฆใใใใใใฎๅ ดๆใซไบๆธใๆใฃใฆ่ตใ้ใใใๅตๆฅญๅฝๆใใใฎ้ๆใๅฆใฎ่ฏใใฏใๅฆๆณ่ฎ่ฏ็ตใใใจใใใๅๅใงใไปใๅฐๅ ใฎ็ฅ็คพใฎๅพก็ฅ้ ใจใใฆไฝฟใใใฆใใใ
็พๅจใฎไธปใช้ๆใฏ4ใคใใๅฆใฎ่ฏใใใใฟๅญใฎ้ ใใๆๆฉๅฑฑ็ฐ้ฆใไฝฟใฃใใ่ฑ๏ผใฏใชใถใ๏ผใใใใใฆใใไธไบบใฎๆๆฐใป่ฑๆฌ็ๆตใฎๅใๅ ใใใRIE STYLEใใๅ จๅใ็ฑณใจ้บนใจๆฐดใ ใใง้ ใ็ด็ฑณ้ ใ ใ1998ๅนดใซๅ จ้็ด็ฑณ่ตใธ็งป่กใใใ
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้บนใฏใในใฆ้บนไฝใใๅฐ้ใใค็ฎก็ใใ่้บนๆณใ ใๅฐ่ฆๆจกใ ใใใใใๅคง้ๅฆ็ใซๅใๆนๆณใ้ธใฐใใๆใใใใฆใใใๆฑใใๅ่ณชใฎ้บนใซใชใใจ่ใใฆใใใ็ฑณใฎ่ธใไธใใๆใชใใใฎ้ใจ็ๆๆฒนใใผใใผใ ใ่ธๆฐใฎ่ณชใ็ดฐใใๅถๅพกใงใใใใฎๆนๆณใงใๅคใฏไนพใใฆ็กฌใใๅ ใฏๆใใใ่ธใ็ฑณใซไปไธใใใ
็บ้ ตใซใใใฆใใๆฅใใชใ้ธๆใใใฆใใใ2016ๅนดใใใ็้ ใจๅฑฑๅปใฎไป่พผใฟใฏ้ ตๆฏ็กๆทปๅ ใจใใใๅน้ค้ ตๆฏใๆทปๅ ใใใ่ตใซๆฃฒใ้ ตๆฏใจ่ช็ถใฎไนณ้ ธ่ใ ใใซๅงใญใใ้ๅธธใฎๅ่ฟใๆ้ใใใใใใใใใซใใฃใฆ็ใพใใ่ค้ใใจๆทฑใฟใฏใๆทปๅ ้ ตๆฏใงใฏๅบใใชใใใฎใ ใจใใใ
ๆทฑๅคใฎใใณใฌใจใ7ๆใฎๆ็ด
่ตใ่จชใใใจใใใกใใกใซๆผซ็ปใฎใคใฉในใใ็ฎใซๅ ฅใใใฉใใซใ ใใงใชใใๅใในใฟใคใซใฎๆผซ็ปใใใใ่จใใฐใใใใช่ฉฑใใใใใใ ใ
ใใฟๅญใใใฏ1960ๅนดใใใฎ่ตใฎ้ทๅฅณใจใใฆ็ใพใใใๅคง้ชใฎๅคงๅญฆใๅๆฅญๅพใ่ฃฝ่ฌไผ็คพใซๅฐฑ่ทใใใใ็ถ่ฆชใ่ณๆขๅกใงๅใใใใจใใใฃใใใซใๅฉ็ด่ ใฎ่ฑๆจนใใใจๅ ฅ็ฑใใฆใ1988ๅนดใซไบไบบใง่ตใซๅ ฅใฃใใใใ ใ
ใใใใใฎ็ดๅพใๅคงใใชๅฑๆฉใ่จชใใใๅฝๆใฎๅๅ ฅใฎๆฑใฏใ้ ใฃใ้ ใใฟใณใฏใใจๅคงๆใซ็ดใใๆกถๅฃฒใใ ใฃใใใ1990ๅนดใใใฎๅคงๆใ่ฒทใไปใใๆใกๅใใ้ธๆ่ขใฏไบใคใ ใฃใใๅปๆฅญใใๅ่ณชใจๅๆงใงๅ่ฒ ใใ็ด็ฑณๅฐๆฅญๅใใ
ใใฎ่ฆๅขใฎไธญใงใ็ฅไบบใซๅงใใใใใฎใๆผซ็ปใๅคๅญใฎ้ ใใ ใฃใใๅฐพ็ฌใใใๆฐๅไฝใงใ1988ๅนดใใ้ฃ่ผใใใๅพใซใใฌใใใฉใๅใใใใๅฝๆฐ็ใชไฝๅใ ใใใฟๅญใใใฎๅข้ใจ้ใชใ้จๅใใใพใใซใๅคใใฃใใใใๅค้ใๆๅพใพใง่ชญใฟ้ใใใจใใใ่ชญใฟ็ตใใฃใใใฎๆฉใๅฐพ็ฌๅ ็ใซไพฟ็ฎ7ๆใฎๆ็ดใๆธใใใไธ้ฑ้ๅพใซ่ฟไบใๅฑใใใ็ด็ฑณใซๅใๆใใใใฉใใซใๆใใใจใใ็ดๆใๅใไปใใ็ด็ฑณ้ ้ ใใงๅ ใ่กใ่ตใ็ดนไปใใฆใใใฃใใจใใใ
1992ๅนดใๆฃฎๅ้ ้ ๅ ดใฏ็ด็ฑณ้ ใฎ้ธ้ ใ2ใฟใณใฏใงๅงใใใใฎ้ ใฏๅฎๅฃฒใใใๅฐพ็ฌๅ ็ใใใใฟๅญใฎ้ ใใจๅไปใใใฉใใซใๆใใฆใใใใจใใใใใใช่ฉฑใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใใซใ้ใใใจใใใฎ้ ใใพใๅฐใ้ใฃใฆ่ฆใใๆฐใใใใ
ๅฅณๆงใจ่ตใใใฎ้ทใๆญดๅฒ
ใใฟๅญใใใ่ตใซๅ ฅใฃใ1988ๅนดใๅฅณๆงใ้ธ้ ใฎ็พๅ ดใซ็ซใคใใจใฏใๆฅญ็ใงใปใผๅไพใใชใใฃใใ่ฟไปฃใฎ้ ้ ใใซใใใๆๅใฎๅฅณๆงๆๆฐใๅบๅณถใป็ฝ็กไธน้ ้ ใซ่ช็ใใใฎใฏ1985ๅนดใฎใใจใงใใใฟๅญใใใๅ ฅ่ตใใใฎใฏใใฎ3ๅนดๅพใ ใ
ใใใใใจใใจใ้ ้ ใใฏๅฅณๆงใฎไปไบใ ใฃใใใๆๆฐใใจใใ่จ่ใฏใๅค่ชใงไธปๅฉฆใๅฅณไธปไบบใๆๅณใใใๅ่ช๏ผใจใใ๏ผใใซ็ฑๆฅใใใจใใ่ชฌใใใใๅผฅ็ๆไปฃใซใฏใ็ฅใธใฎไพใ็ฉใจใใฆๅทซๅฅณใๅฃๅใฟ้ ใ้ธใใฆใใ่จ้ฒใๆฎใฃใฆใใใๅฅณๆงใ่ตใใ้ ใใใใใใใใซใชใฃใใฎใฏใๆฑๆธๆไปฃใซ้ ้ ใใๅคง่ฆๆจกๅใปๅๆฅญๅใใฆใใใฎใใจใ ใๅฌๅ ดใซๆๆฐใจ่ตไบบใ่ตใซไฝใฟ่พผใๆ ฃ็ฟใ็ใพใใ้ๅดๅใจๅ ฑๅ็ๆดปใใๅฅณๆงใฎๅๅ ฅใ้ปใๆง้ ็ใชใใผใใซใซใชใฃใฆใใฃใใ่ฑๆจนใใใฏ่จชๅๆใใใฎใใจใ็็ดใซ่ฉฑใใฆใใใใ
่ตๅฅณๆงใตใใใใ็ซใกไธใใใฎใฏใใใฟๅญใใใ ใ่ตใฎๅฑๆฉใไนใ่ถใใใใจใๅใ็ซๅ ดใฎๅฅณๆงใใกใๆฏๆดใใๆดปๅใๅงใใใ2014ๅนด6ๆใๆฑไบฌใปๆคฟๅฑฑ่ใซๅ จๅฝ22่ตใฎๅฅณๆง่ตไบบใ้ใพใๅ ดใ่จญใใ็พๅจใฏๅนด2ๅใฎ้ๅฌใงใ่ตใฎ็ธไบ่ฆๅญฆใๆ่กไบคๆตใฎๅ ดใจใใฆๆฉ่ฝใใฆใใใใๅใ้่ทใๆใคไบบใจ่ฉฑใใใจใๅฐใๆฅฝใซใชใใใจใใใฟๅญใใใฏ่จใใ
2024ๅนด12ๆใฎAP้ไฟกใฎๅ ฑ้ใซใใใฐใๅ จๅฝใฎๆๆฐ็ตๅใซ็ป้ฒใใๅฅณๆงๆๆฐใฏ33ๅ๏ผ็จผๅ่ตใฏ1,000ไปฅไธ๏ผใๆฐใฏๅฐใใใคๅขใใฆใใใ
็พๅจใฎๆฃฎๅ้ ้ ๅ ดใงใฏใใใฟๅญใใใๆๆฐใฎ่ฑๆฌ็ๆตใใใใใใฆ่ตไบบใฎๆใใ๏ผใใฟๅญใใใฎๅจ๏ผใจใ3ไบบใฎๅฅณๆงใ้ ้ ใใซๆบใใฃใฆใใใใใฟๅญใใใๅใ้ใใๅ ดๆใงใๆฌกใฎไธไปฃใ้ธใใฆใใใ
็ฑณใใ่ตใใ่ฒใฆใ
่จชๅใฎ้ไธญใ่ฑๆจนใใใฎ้่ปขใง่ตใๅบใใ่ปใง5ๅใใใใใชใๅ ดๆใซใ็ฐใใผใใใใๅฑฑ็ฐ้ฆใ่ฒใฆใฆใใ่ช็คพ็ฐใ ใใใฎ่ช็คพ็ฐใฎ็ฑณใฏใไฝฟ็จๅๆ็ฑณๅ จไฝใฎ็ด5ใใผใปใณใใซใใใใๅฐใชใใใใ็ฑณๆฌๆฅใฎๅณใใใๆใใฆใปใใใใจใใๆใใง่ฒใฆใฆใใใใใ ใ
้ ่ตใ่ชใ็ฐใใผใๆใคใใจใฏใๆญดๅฒ็ใช็ต็ทฏใใใฃใฆ้ๅธธใซๅฐใชใใใใฌใใขใ ใฏใคใณใงใฏ้ ใๆใ่ชใใใใฆใ่ฒใฆใใใจใๅฝ็ถใจใใใฆใใใใๆฅๆฌ้ ใฏ้ทใใ็ฑณใ่พฒๅฎถใ่พฒๅใใ่ณผๅ ฅใใใฎใไธ่ฌ็ใงใ่ตใจ็ฑณใฎ้ใซใฏ่ท้ขใใใฃใใใพใใ็ฑณใไนพ็ฅใใใ็ถๆ ใง้ๆฌใใใใใใจใไธๅ ใฎไธใคใ ใ่ฟๅนดใใฏใคใณใฎใใญใฏใผใซใฎๆฆๅฟตใซๅฝฑ้ฟใๅใใฆ่ชๅฎถๆ ฝๅนใซไนใๅบใ่ตใๅบใฆใใฆใใใใใใใงใๅ จๅฝใงใฏใใๅฐๆฐใซใจใฉใพใใ
่พฒ่ฌใ้ค่ๅคใไฝฟใใชใใ่ฅๆใฏใๅๅนดใฎ้ ใๆพใฃใๅพใฎ้ ็ฒใ ใใ ใๆฏๅนด11ๆใ็ฐใใผใซ้ ็ฒใๆใใ้ค่ๅคใชใใฎ็ฑณไฝใใฏไธฆๅคงๆตใงใฏใชใใใใใฆใจ้ใฃใฆ็จฒใฏๆฏๅนดๆคใๆฟใใใใใ้่ใจใฎๆฆใใๆฏๅนดไธใใๅงใใใใจใซใชใใ้่ใซ่ฒ ใใฆใไธๅฎ็ฏๅฒใซๅ จใ่ฒใใชใใใจใใใใใใใไฝใไธใใใใชใๅใ็ฑณใฏๆ นใๆทฑใๅผตใใ่ชๅใง่ฒใคใจใใๅฎไฝ้จใใใใใใ ใใใใผใฑใใฃใณใฐใฎใใใ ใใงใฏใชใใใจใใใฟๅญใใใฏ่ชใฃใฆใใใ
ใใฎ่ช็คพ็ฐใฎๅฑฑ็ฐ้ฆใจใๅฐๅ ใปไผ่ณใฎๅฅ็ด่พฒๅฎถใๅใๆน้ใง่ฒใฆใ็ฑณใๅๆใซไฝฟใใฎใใใ่ฑ๏ผใฏใชใถใ๏ผใใ ใ่ตๅ ใ็ฑณใฎๆ ฝๅนใใ้ขใใใใใฎ่ตใ่ฑกๅพดใใใทใชใผใบใ ใ
ใฐใฉในใฎไธญใธ
่จชๅๆใซ่ฉฆ้ฃฒใใไธญใงใ็นใซๅฐ่ฑกใซๆฎใ2ๆฌใ็ดนไปใใใ
ใใฟๅญใฎ้ No.9้ ตๆฏ ่ถ ่พๅฃ ็นๅฅ็ด็ฑณ
ไฝฟ็จ็ฑณ๏ผๅ ซๅ้ฆ75%ใปๅฑฑ็ฐ้ฆ25%ใ็ฒพ็ฑณๆญฉๅ๏ผ60%ใ้ ตๆฏ๏ผๅไผ9ๅทใใขใซใณใผใซๅบฆๆฐ๏ผ15%ใๆฅๆฌ้ ๅบฆ๏ผ+15ใ้ ธๅบฆ๏ผ1.5
ใ่ถ ่พๅฃใ้ฆใใฏ็ฉ็ฉใๆ ใๆๅฎใฎ้ฆใฏๆงใใใงๆธ ๆฝๆใใใใๅฃใซๅซใใจ็ขบใใซ่พๅฃใ ใใๆจใฟใใใกใใจใใฃใฆใใใใใจ็ใ้ฒใใไฝ้ปใฏ็ญใใงใญใฌใ่ฏใใๅใใใๆ็ใ้ธใฐใชใใๆใฎๆทฑใ้ฃไธญ้ ใ ใ
่ฑ๏ผใฏใชใถใ๏ผ ็นๅฅ็ด็ฑณ ็้ ็ซๅ ฅใ
ไฝฟ็จ็ฑณ๏ผๅฑฑ็ฐ้ฆ100%๏ผไธ้็็ฃ๏ผใ็ฒพ็ฑณๆญฉๅ๏ผ60%ใ้ ตๆฏ๏ผ่ตไป้ ตๆฏใ่ฃฝๆณ๏ผ็้ ใใขใซใณใผใซๅบฆๆฐ๏ผ15%ใๆฅๆฌ้ ๅบฆ๏ผ+7.5ใ้ ธๅบฆ๏ผ1.6
็้ ็ฑๆฅใฎไนณ้ ธใฎๆฐ้ ใ็ฉใใใซๆผใใๅฃใซๅซใใจใใใใใใซใฏใใปใฎใใชใฏใกใฟใคใ่พๅฃใงๆจใฟใใใใๆฟ้ใงใใใใซใจใใฟใใใใไฝ้ปใฏ้ทใใงใฏใชใผใณใๆธฉๅบฆใไธใใใจไธธใฟใๅขใใ้ฃไบใจใฎ็ธๆงใใใใซใใใชใใใใฎ้ ใฏ็้ ไฝใใซ40ๆฅใใใใซ็บ้ ตใซ30ๆฅใจ้ๅธธใใใใชใ้ทใๆ้ใใใใใฃใใ็บ้ ตใใใฆใใใ
้ธใฐใใใไธไพฟใช้
ๆฃฎๅ้ ้ ๅ ดใฎ้ ใฏใๆฑบใใฆๆดพๆใงใฏใชใใ่ฏใใใช้ฆใใใใใใใใใ็ใใไธ็ฎใงใใใ่ค้ๅณใใใใใใงใฏใชใใใใใใใฉใณในใ่ฏใใ้ฃไบใซๅฏใๆทปใใๆจใฟใใใฃใฆใ้ฃใน็ฉใซ่ฒ ใใชใใ
ใชใฉใณใใซๆใกๅธฐใฃใฆใๅ้ฃใ ใใงใชใใ่ๅนณ็ฎใฎใ ใใจใซใใในใฟใจๅใใใฆใฟใใใใผใขใใผใใใใ้ๅธธใซๅฟๅฐใใใฃใใๅท่ตๅบซใซๅธธๅใใฆใใใใๆฅๆฌ้ ใ ใใจๆใฃใใ
ใใฎ้ ใๅฑใใพใงใฎ้ใฎใใฏ้ทใใๅฐใใช่ตใงใๆ้ใฎใใใๆนๆณใงใๆ้ใใใใฆ้ ใใใใ้่ฉไผใฎ้่ณใ็ใใใใฎ้ ใงใฏใชใใ้ฃๅใซ็ฝฎใใใใฎ้ ใ ใใใฎ่ๆฏใ็ฅใฃใฆใใ้ฃฒใใจใใพใใฒใจๅณ้ใใ
ไปๅใฎ่จชๅใๅฟซใๅใๅ ฅใใฆใใ ใใฃใๆฃฎๅ้ ้ ๅ ดใฎใใฟๅญใใใ่ฑๆจนใใใ็ๆตใใใใใฎๆฉไผใๅฎ็พใใใฆใใใใชใฉใณใใฎใคใณใใผใฟใผใ้ ใๅฟๅฐใใฎใใฃใใฏใใใซๅฟใใๆ่ฌใใใใพใใ
ๆฃฎๅ้ ้ ๅ ด๏ผๅๅไผ็คพ๏ผ
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